Departments

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At our clinic, we provide a comprehensive range of dental services, including: • Dental examinations • Panoramic and periapical X-ray imaging • Treatment of periodontal (gum) diseases • Scaling and professional dental cleaning • Composite and amalgam dental fillings • Colorful compomer fillings and preventive treatments for pediatric patients • Teeth whitening (bleaching) treatments • Composite laminate veneers • Root canal treatment • Dental implants • Simple and impacted tooth extractions • Veneer crowns • Zirconium crowns • Full ceramic crowns • Removable partial dentures • Attachment-retained (snap-on) dentures ⸻ Our Approach At our clinic, we aim to provide high-quality and reliable healthcare services by prioritizing the individual needs of our patients. With our modern and up-to-date equipment, every detail has been carefully planned to ensure the highest level of patient comfort. Our goal is to help our patients achieve a healthy and aesthetic smile while delivering the treatment process in the most comfortable and stress-free manner possible.

Our Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation provides comprehensive healthcare services aimed at ensuring patient safety, comfort, and the protection of vital functions during surgical and interventional procedures. In our unit, individualized anesthesia practices are carried out by experienced anesthesiologists in accordance with current scientific guidelines and supported by modern technological equipment. Before surgery, our patients are evaluated in detail and the most appropriate anesthesia method is planned. During the operation, vital signs are closely monitored using advanced monitoring techniques. After surgery, the goals are safe recovery from anesthesia, effective pain control, and a rapid healing process. With a patient-safety–focused approach, we deliver high-quality care at every stage of the surgical process. ⸻ Who Is an Anesthesiologist and What Do They Do? An anesthesiologist is a physician who has completed medical school and received specialized training in Anesthesiology and Reanimation. Anesthesiologists evaluate patients thoroughly before surgery and plan the most appropriate anesthesia method based on the patient’s health status and the planned procedure. During surgery, they continuously monitor and manage the patient’s respiration, circulation, and other vital functions using advanced monitoring techniques. After surgery, they ensure safe awakening, provide effective pain control, and aim to prevent possible complications. Anesthesiologists also play an active role in the follow-up and management of critically ill patients in intensive care units and contribute to acute and chronic pain management using a multidisciplinary approach. ⸻ What Is Anesthesia? Anesthesia refers to the entirety of medical practices aimed at preventing pain, ensuring patient comfort, and safely maintaining vital functions during surgical and interventional procedures. Depending on the type of procedure and the patient’s general health condition, different anesthesia methods may be preferred. Today, anesthesia practices are performed safely and in a controlled manner, prioritizing patient comfort through the use of modern medical technologies and advanced monitoring methods. ⸻ General Anesthesia General anesthesia is a method in which the patient is rendered completely unconscious, temporarily eliminating awareness, pain sensation, and reflexes. It is preferred for major and extensive surgical procedures. Throughout the operation, the patient’s respiration, circulation, and other vital functions are continuously monitored and controlled by the anesthesiologist. ⸻ Regional Anesthesia Regional anesthesia is a technique that numbs a specific region of the body. Spinal, epidural, and peripheral nerve blocks fall under this category. The patient may remain awake or receive mild sedation. Regional anesthesia offers significant advantages in postoperative pain control. ⸻ Local Anesthesia Local anesthesia is based on numbing a small area where the surgical procedure will be performed. It is generally preferred for minor and short-duration procedures. The patient remains conscious, and pain sensation is eliminated only in the targeted area. ⸻ Sedation Sedation is a method used to reduce anxiety and stress, promote relaxation, and, when necessary, induce a sleep-like state. During sedation, the patient’s respiration and vital functions are closely monitored by the anesthesiologist. It is commonly preferred for endoscopic procedures and certain interventional applications.

Neurosurgery (brain and nerve surgery) is a medical specialty that encompasses the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of diseases affecting the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system. Diseases are diagnosed using MRI, CT, EEG, and other advanced imaging techniques. Treatment is carried out through a comprehensive approach that includes surgical interventions (such as removal of brain tumors, aneurysm repair, and spinal surgeries), deep brain stimulation, and medical therapies. Neurosurgery addresses a wide range of conditions arising from traumatic injuries (head trauma, intracranial hemorrhages) as well as chronic disorders (hydrocephalus, nerve compression syndromes, spinal diseases, epilepsy). The primary goals are to prevent neurological function loss, repair pressure or damage within the nervous system, reduce pain, and accelerate recovery. Technologies such as microsurgical techniques, navigation-assisted surgeries, and endoscopic methods are widely used, contributing to improvements in both individual patient outcomes and public health. Neurosurgery works in close collaboration with neurology, radiology, physical therapy, oncology, and other related medical specialties. ⸻ Main Functions of Neurosurgery Diagnosis: Identifies the source of disease using advanced imaging techniques (MRI, CT) and neurological tests. Treatment: Treats neurological diseases through surgical interventions or multidisciplinary approaches. Rehabilitation: Provides support to help patients return to daily life after surgical procedures. ⸻ Conditions Treated by Neurosurgery Brain and nerve surgery covers a broad spectrum, ranging from emergency interventions due to trauma to the management of chronic nervous system disorders. Conditions such as nerve compression syndromes, lumbar and cervical disc herniation, head trauma, brain hemorrhages, and hydrocephalus fall within the scope of neurosurgery. ⸻ Purpose of Brain and Nerve Surgery The main objectives of neurosurgery are: • To prevent loss of neurological function • To repair pressure or damage affecting the nervous system • To reduce pain and improve the patient’s quality of life • To accelerate recovery by minimizing the risk of complications ⸻ Diseases Treated by Neurosurgery Brain Tumors Brain tumors result from uncontrolled growth of brain cells and are commonly encountered by neurosurgeons. They may be benign or malignant. Depending on their location and type, tumors can cause neurological deficits, headaches, seizures, and visual disturbances. Surgical treatment aims to remove the tumor using microscopic techniques while preserving healthy brain tissue. Spinal Disorders Spinal conditions can cause compression or damage to the nerves of the spinal cord. Lumbar disc herniation, cervical disc herniation, scoliosis, spinal stenosis, and spinal fractures are among the most common disorders treated by neurosurgery. These conditions may lead to restricted movement, chronic pain, and neurological complications. Spinal surgery plays a crucial role in restoring mobility and reducing pain. Brain Hemorrhages Bleeding caused by rupture or blockage of cerebral vessels can lead to loss of neurological function. Brain hemorrhages may result from trauma, hypertension, or aneurysms and require emergency intervention. Surgical control of bleeding can be life-saving and help prevent permanent damage. Hydrocephalus Hydrocephalus is a condition caused by excessive accumulation of fluid within the brain, leading to increased intracranial pressure, headaches, visual problems, and neurological deficits. One of the most common treatments is the placement of a shunt to drain excess fluid from the brain. Nerve Compression Nerve compression occurs when nerves are subjected to pressure from surrounding tissues. Conditions such as lumbar and cervical disc herniation and carpal tunnel syndrome are common examples. Symptoms include pain, numbness, sensory loss, and muscle weakness. Surgical decompression can relieve pressure on the nerve and alleviate symptoms. Aneurysms and Vascular Disorders Ballooning (aneurysm) or blockage of cerebral blood vessels can be life-threatening. Ruptured aneurysms can cause severe brain hemorrhage. Neurosurgery treats these vascular conditions using surgical methods to prevent complications. Head Trauma Head injuries caused by falls, accidents, or impacts can lead to neurological damage and brain hemorrhages. These cases often require emergency surgical intervention. Treatment of skull fractures, brain edema, and hemorrhages falls within the expertise of neurosurgery. Epilepsy and Movement Disorders Epilepsy and movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease that do not respond to medical treatment may require surgical intervention. Innovative methods such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) provide effective solutions for controlling symptoms. Neurosurgery plays a vital role in the treatment of neurological disorders. Early diagnosis is critical in preventing complications and accelerating recovery. Surgical interventions not only alleviate symptoms but also significantly improve quality of life and help patients regain neurological function. ⸻ What Are Neurosurgical (Brain and Nerve Surgery) Procedures? Neurosurgery focuses on the surgical treatment of nervous system diseases. These procedures aim to improve quality of life, reduce pain, and restore neurological function. Neurosurgeons play a crucial role in treating disorders of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Major Neurosurgical Procedures Brain Tumor Surgery: Performed to remove abnormal cell growths (benign or malignant tumors) in the brain. Microsurgical techniques are used to preserve healthy brain tissue. Hydrocephalus Surgery: Treated by placing a shunt to redirect excess cerebrospinal fluid and reduce intracranial pressure, particularly effective in pediatric patients and severe cases. Aneurysm and Brain Hemorrhage Surgery: Performed to stop bleeding or repair high-risk vessels. Both open surgical and endovascular techniques may be used. Early intervention is crucial for survival. Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery: Includes procedures for lumbar and cervical disc herniation, scoliosis, spinal stenosis, and spinal fractures. The goal is to relieve nerve compression and restore mobility. Epilepsy Surgery: For drug-resistant epilepsy, the epileptic focus is surgically removed following detailed preoperative evaluation. Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorder Surgery: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used to alleviate symptoms and improve motor function in patients unresponsive to medication. Trigeminal Neuralgia Surgery: Microvascular decompression relieves pressure on the trigeminal nerve, providing long-lasting pain relief. Head and Brain Trauma Surgery: Emergency surgical treatment of skull fractures, intracranial hemorrhages, and brain edema. Functional Neurosurgery: Surgical treatments for chronic pain, spasticity, and other neurological conditions using implanted devices to regulate nervous system activity. Cerebral Vascular Occlusion Surgery: Performed to restore normal blood flow and prevent complications such as stroke. Neurosurgical operations are vital in treating neurological diseases, improving quality of life, reducing pain, and restoring neurological function. Careful evaluation before and after surgery ensures the most appropriate treatment plan. The expertise of neurosurgeons directly influences surgical success rates. ⸻ Surgical Procedures Performed at Our Hospital • Microsurgical lumbar and cervical disc herniation surgeries • Spinal stenosis surgery (with or without implants) • Treatment of spinal fractures (vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, spinal instrumentation) • Brain hemorrhage surgeries • Navigation-assisted brain tumor surgeries • Spinal tumor surgeries with neuromonitoring • Hydrocephalus shunt surgeries • Emergency trauma surgeries (epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, intracerebral hematoma, skull base fractures, spinal fractures, CSF fistula repair) • Entrapment neuropathies (carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, tarsal tunnel syndrome, peroneal nerve entrapment) • Non-surgical pain interventions (facet joint blocks, foraminal epidural blocks under fluoroscopic guidance) • Non-surgical lumbar disc herniation treatment (nucleoplasty) • Pituitary tumor surgeries (cranial or transsphenoidal approach) • Spondylolisthesis surgery • Microsurgical procedures for trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm

Children are not simply small adults; their growth, development, and diseases are unique to each stage of life. Pediatrics is the medical specialty that monitors healthy growth and development, and diagnoses and treats diseases in children from the newborn period through adolescence (ages 0–18). Our Goal in Our Clinic 🌱 Not only to treat diseases, but also to prevent them 🌱 To help children grow up healthy, happy, and safe ⸻ 🩺 What Do We Offer in Our Pediatrics Clinic? 🔹 Well-Child Follow-Up • Monitoring of height, weight, and head circumference • Growth and developmental assessments • Vaccination counseling and follow-up 🔹 Newborn and Infant Care • Newborn examinations • Nutrition and breastfeeding counseling • Jaundice, colic, and weight gain issues 🔹 Childhood Diseases • Febrile illnesses • Upper and lower respiratory tract infections • Diarrhea, vomiting, and constipation • Urinary tract infections 🔹 Allergic Diseases • Food allergies • Atopic dermatitis (eczema) • Allergic rhinitis and wheezing 🔹 Growth and Nutrition Problems • Poor appetite • Failure to gain weight or overweight • Vitamin and mineral deficiencies 🔹 School-Age and Adolescent Health • Puberty development • Preschool and school-age health check-ups ⸻ 🤍 Your Child Is Valuable to Us We aim to provide individualized, compassionate, and evidence-based care for every child, and clear, reassuring, and accessible healthcare services for every family. We are by your side for your child’s health from the very first day through adolescence.

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The Science of Skin Health and Aesthetics Dermatology is a dynamic medical discipline that focuses on diseases of the skin, the largest organ of the body, as well as the hair, nails, and mucous membranes, integrating both medical and surgical approaches. Today, dermatology is no longer limited to the treatment of diseases alone; when integrated with cosmetology, it has evolved into a comprehensive field of expertise that supports an individual’s physical appearance, skin health, and self-confidence. ⸻ Areas of Expertise and Scope Dermatology provides diagnostic and therapeutic services across a broad spectrum, ranging from genetic predispositions to environmental factors. The main pillars of dermatology include: 🔹 Clinical Dermatology • Management of chronic skin diseases such as acne, psoriasis, eczema, urticaria, and vitiligo 🔹 Dermato-Oncology • Mole monitoring • Early diagnosis of skin cancers • Non-surgical treatment approaches 🔹 Pediatric Dermatology • Evaluation and treatment of skin conditions specific to infancy and childhood 🔹 Dermatologic Surgery • Excision of skin tumors • Biopsy procedures • Nail surgery ⸻ The Growing Role of Cosmetology In modern dermatology, cosmetology is guided by the philosophy of “well-aging.” This field includes aesthetic interventions based on solid medical foundations: 🔹 Injection Treatments • Botulinum toxin • Dermal fillers • Mesotherapy for the reduction of signs of aging 🔹 Laser Technologies • Laser hair removal • Treatment of pigmentation disorders • Management of vascular lesions • Skin rejuvenation with fractional laser 🔹 Regenerative Medicine • PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) • Stem cell therapies to stimulate tissue repair and regeneration 🔹 Cosmeceutical Counseling • Scientific evaluation of ingredients suitable for the patient’s skin type (such as retinol, vitamin C, hyaluronic acid, etc.) ⸻ Vision for the Future Dermatology and cosmetology are rapidly evolving through artificial intelligence–assisted diagnostic systems and personalized biotechnological products. An experienced dermatologist combines aesthetics with medical ethics and safety protocols, serving as the most reliable guide in preserving both the patient’s health and natural appearance.

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In our Department of General Surgery, surgical treatment is provided for both cancerous and non-cancerous diseases of the relevant organs and tissues. The diagnostic, treatment, and surgical processes of our patients are carried out in a multidisciplinary manner by a highly experienced and specialized team, in collaboration with other medical departments, in accordance with medical ethics and current scientific literature, using appropriate methods and advanced technological equipment. Our hospital is equipped with five fully equipped operating rooms and state-of-the-art medical technology. Surgical treatments are performed using conventional, laparoscopic, and minimally invasive surgical techniques. Postoperative follow-up and treatment of our patients are carried out in the surgical intensive care unit when necessary. ⸻ Conditions Treated by the Department of General Surgery Thyroid Gland Diseases • Goiter • Hyperthyroidism • Thyroid cancers Parathyroid Gland Diseases • Parathyroid adenoma • Hyperparathyroidism Breast Diseases • Benign breast masses and disorders • Breast pain and nipple discharge • Breast cancer Inguinal Region Diseases • Inguinal hernias Abdominal Wall, Skin, and Subcutaneous Tissue • Abdominal wall hernias (umbilical hernia, incisional hernias) • Skin cancers • Pilonidal sinus Esophageal and Gastric Diseases • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) • Paraesophageal and diaphragmatic hernias • Esophageal and gastric cancers Liver, Gallbladder, and Biliary Tract Diseases • Liver tumors • Hydatid cyst of the liver • Gallbladder and biliary tract stones • Benign and malignant tumors of the gallbladder and biliary tract Duodenum, Common Bile Duct, and Pancreatic Diseases • Periampullary tumors • Pancreatic cancers Small Intestine Diseases • Small intestine tumors Colon, Rectum, Anus, and Perianal Region Diseases • Colon and rectal tumors • Appendiceal tumors and acute appendicitis • Anal canal tumors • Perianal diseases such as hemorrhoids, fissures, and fistulas Spleen Diseases • Cysts and tumors of the spleen • Hypersplenism and splenomegaly

It is a medical specialty concerned with protecting respiratory system health and with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of its diseases, using medical methods based on contemporary science for this purpose. Due to the importance of the relationship between the respiratory system and all other organs and tissues, the specialty of Chest Diseases demonstrates a holistic approach. The respiratory system, consisting of the airways extending from the nostrils to the air sacs and the parenchyma that contains them, is the organ and tissue system with the largest surface area exposed to the external environment in our body. Numerous factors—primarily the microbial load, temperature, humidity, and airflow rate of indoor and outdoor air, as well as indoor and outdoor air pollution, occupational exposure, the use of tobacco products, or exposure to tobacco smoke—may cause serious damage. Lung diseases are of primary importance for public health. The airways may be affected by two main types of diseases: obstructive or restrictive. Respiratory system–related symptoms such as cough, sputum production, difficulty breathing in or out, a sensation of tightness, sleep disturbances, snoring, persistent fatigue and exhaustion throughout the day, wheezing or whistling breathing, coughing up blood, and chest pain should be taken seriously, and a chest diseases specialist should be consulted without delay. Diagnosis is established by jointly evaluating a detailed physical examination together with the necessary scales, tests, and laboratory analyses. The established diagnosis (lung diseases related to rheumatologic conditions, asthma, COPD, COVID, pneumonia..) and the treatment and rehabilitation process are shared with the patient and their relatives, and the therapeutic process is carried out in cooperation. The best approach is to seek medical evaluation before becoming ill and to receive protective and preventive support against diseases. REMEMBER A SINGLE BREATH THE BEGINNING AND THE END OF LIFE…… WE ARE BY YOUR SIDE WITH EVERY BREATH.

The Department of Ophthalmology is a medical specialty responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of eye-related diseases. The primary goal of the Ophthalmology Department is to prevent vision loss through the early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of ocular conditions. It is an essential medical field dedicated to protecting eye health and providing effective solutions for eye-related problems. ⸻ Main Function of Ophthalmology Ophthalmic diseases are conditions that affect eye health and visual function. These disorders may arise from structural abnormalities of the eye, infections, inflammations, tumors, or other systemic or local diseases. Eye diseases can impair vision, negatively affect daily life, and may even lead to permanent vision loss. Untreated eye conditions can progress and result in serious complications. Therefore, early diagnosis and timely treatment of eye diseases are crucial. Regular eye examinations and adherence to recommended treatments are essential for maintaining eye health. ⸻ Purpose of Ophthalmology The purpose of ophthalmology is to preserve visual health and improve quality of life by diagnosing and treating eye disorders that may occur in the eyes. ⸻ Conditions Treated in Ophthalmology 1. Myopia (nearsightedness) 2. Hyperopia (farsightedness) 3. Astigmatism (irregular focusing of light on the retina) 4. Presbyopia (age-related near vision impairment) 5. Cataract (clouding of the eye’s natural lens) 6. Glaucoma (elevated intraocular pressure) 7. Retinal diseases (e.g., age-related macular degeneration) 8. Lacrimal and tear drainage system disorders (e.g., dry eye syndrome, nasolacrimal duct obstruction) 9. Corneal diseases and infections (e.g., keratoconus, keratitis) 10. Conjunctival diseases and infections (e.g., conjunctivitis) 11. Eyelid diseases and infections (e.g., chalazion, hordeolum) 12. Strabismus (misalignment of the eyes) 13. Uveitis ⸻ Eye Surgeries 1. Cataract Surgery: Cataract is an eye disease caused by clouding of the eye’s natural lens over time or as a result of trauma. Cataract surgery is a surgical procedure performed to restore blurred vision. During the operation, the cloudy lens is removed and usually replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). 2. Retinal Surgery: The retina is the light-sensitive layer located at the back of the eye. Surgical intervention may be required for various retinal conditions such as retinal detachment, retinal tears, and retinal holes. These procedures aim to reattach and stabilize the retina. 3. Glaucoma Surgery: Glaucoma is a condition caused by impaired circulation of intraocular fluid, leading to increased intraocular pressure. Glaucoma surgeries aim to reduce intraocular pressure and prevent optic nerve damage. 4. Superficial Keratoplasty (Corneal Transplantation): The cornea is the transparent outer layer of the eye. In certain corneal diseases (such as keratoconus or corneal injuries), corneal transplantation may be required. Superficial keratoplasty includes replacement of either a thin layer of the cornea (lamellar keratoplasty) or the full thickness of the cornea (penetrating keratoplasty). 5. Strabismus Surgery: Strabismus is caused by misalignment of the eyes due to imbalance of the eye muscles. Strabismus surgery aims to correct eye alignment by adjusting the eye muscles. 6. Eyelid Surgery: Surgical correction may be performed for eyelid conditions such as drooping eyelids, cysts, or tumors. 7. Surgery for Tear Duct Obstruction: In children up to two years of age, probing and lavage procedures may be performed. In adults, traditional nasolacrimal duct obstruction surgery can be used to restore tear drainage. 8. Pterygium Surgery: Pterygium, commonly known as “surfer’s eye” or growth of tissue on the eye, can be completely removed through surgical intervention. These are some of the most commonly performed ophthalmic surgeries. However, the most appropriate treatment method and the timing of surgery should be determined based on the patient’s condition and the type of disease. Therefore, consulting an ophthalmologist is essential to obtain accurate information and personalized treatment planning. ⸻ Surgeries and Procedures Performed at Our Hospital 1. Cataract surgery 2. Strabismus surgery (inward or outward deviation of the eye) 3. Tear duct obstruction surgeries 4. Eyelid surgeries 5. Pterygium surgeries 6. Corneal cross-linking (CXL) procedure 7. Retinal tear repair with Argon laser 8. YAG laser iridotomy and capsulotomy procedures

The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Ankara International Hospital provides comprehensive and high-quality healthcare services at every stage of women’s health. From the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases to pregnancy follow-up; from childbirth and postpartum care to infertility; from gynecological cancer screenings to the menopausal period, the department offers a wide range of services delivered by an expert and experienced medical team. Supported by modern medical infrastructure and up-to-date technologies, preventive healthcare services hold a priority position in our department in terms of ensuring the sustainability of women’s health. Safe, attentive, and patient-centered healthcare services are provided to women of all ages. ⸻ CONTENTS • What Is Obstetrics and Gynecology? • Which Conditions Does the Gynecology Department Treat? • What Is the Role of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department During Pregnancy and Childbirth? • What Diagnostic Methods Are Used in Gynecology? • What Are the Treatment Methods in Obstetrics and Gynecology? ⸻ What Is Obstetrics and Gynecology? Obstetrics and Gynecology is a medical specialty that aims to protect and improve reproductive health and to diagnose and treat related diseases throughout all stages of a woman’s life, from adolescence to the reproductive years, pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, and the postmenopausal period. This field covers both the physiological and pathological conditions of the female reproductive organs, as well as the safe management of pregnancy and childbirth processes. Within the scope of gynecology, diseases of the uterus, cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, and vulva are diagnosed and treated. Menstrual irregularities, hormonal disorders, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, fibroids, pelvic infections, urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunctions, and menopausal problems are among the main areas of focus. In addition, the early diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant diseases of the uterus, cervix, and ovaries constitute an important part of gynecology. In the field of obstetrics and perinatology, services include preconception counseling, monitoring of normal and high-risk pregnancies, prenatal screening tests, management of the labor process, cesarean and vaginal deliveries, and postpartum maternal health follow-up. Furthermore, infertility diagnosis and treatment, assisted reproductive techniques, family planning, and preventive women’s health services are also evaluated within the scope of obstetrics and gynecology. ⸻ Which Conditions Does the Gynecology Department Treat? The Gynecology Department focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of diseases related to the female genital system. The main conditions treated include: • Menstrual disorders (delay, excessive bleeding, amenorrhea) • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) • Painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea) • Pelvic pain • Endometriosis • Uterine fibroids • Polyps • Ovarian cysts • Vaginal discharge, itching, and infections • Sexually transmitted diseases • Miscarriages and recurrent pregnancy losses • Ectopic pregnancy • Urinary incontinence and pelvic floor disorders • Cervical cancer screening (Pap smear, HPV) • Diagnosis and treatment of preinvasive lesions • Menopause and menopausal complaints • Infertility ⸻ What Is the Role of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department During Pregnancy and Childbirth? Preconception Counseling Preconception counseling is a comprehensive process that includes the medical, physical, and psychosocial evaluation of women (and couples) planning a pregnancy to ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby. During this counseling, existing chronic diseases, medications, genetic risks, previous pregnancy history, and lifestyle habits are evaluated in detail. Necessary laboratory tests are performed, vaccination status is reviewed, and supplements such as folic acid are planned. This process is conducted by obstetricians and gynecologists to minimize potential risks and create optimal conditions for a healthy pregnancy. Childbirth Childbirth is the process by which the baby and placenta are delivered from the mother’s uterus upon completion of pregnancy and represents one of the core areas of obstetrics. Delivery generally occurs via two main methods: vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Vaginal delivery is the natural birth of the baby through the vagina. This process is typically examined in three stages: cervical dilation, delivery of the baby, and expulsion of the placenta. Recovery time is usually shorter for both mother and baby, and the risk of complications is lower. Obstetricians closely monitor the mother and baby during labor and intervene when necessary (such as episiotomy, vacuum extraction, or forceps). Cesarean delivery is a surgical method performed through abdominal and uterine incisions for medical reasons, primarily to protect the health of the mother or baby. Indications may include macrosomia, abnormal placental placement, failure of labor to progress, or maternal health conditions. Recovery after cesarean delivery may take longer and involves surgical risks; therefore, obstetricians provide meticulous care before, during, and after surgery. Both delivery methods are planned and managed under the supervision of obstetricians, with postpartum care ensuring the health of both mother and baby. ⸻ Follow-Up of High-Risk Pregnancies High-risk pregnancies are those with a higher-than-normal risk of complications for the mother or baby. These risks may arise from preexisting maternal conditions, complications during pregnancy, or fetal-related factors. Examples of High-Risk Pregnancies • Maternal factors: Hypertension, diabetes, heart or kidney diseases, thyroid disorders, autoimmune diseases • Pregnancy-related factors: Preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, placenta previa, risk of preterm birth • Fetal factors: Genetic anomalies, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital malformations • Age and lifestyle factors: Pregnancy over age 35, smoking, alcohol use, inadequate nutrition Monitoring Follow-up of high-risk pregnancies is carried out frequently and meticulously by obstetricians: • More frequent visits: Weekly or biweekly check-ups instead of monthly visits • Laboratory and imaging tests: Blood pressure, urine and blood glucose tests, ultrasound monitoring of fetal growth and amniotic fluid • Special assessments: Non-stress test, Doppler ultrasound, fetal echocardiography • Planning: Early delivery or cesarean section planning when necessary, hospital delivery, and neonatal care precautions High-risk pregnancy follow-up aims to protect maternal and fetal health, detect complications early, and ensure timely and appropriate intervention. ⸻ What Diagnostic Methods Are Used in Gynecology? • Bimanual examination: Manual assessment of the uterus and ovaries through vaginal and abdominal examination • Ultrasonography (USG): A non-invasive imaging method using sound waves to visualize the uterus, ovaries, and surrounding tissues via abdominal or vaginal approach • Hysterosalpingography (HSG): A radiologic test using contrast material to evaluate the uterine cavity and fallopian tube patency • Laparoscopy: A surgical method using a camera inserted through small abdominal incisions to directly visualize the uterus, ovaries, and tubes • Blood tests for hormonal disorders • Mammography • Bone density measurement during menopause • Laboratory tests (blood and urine analyses) • Pap smear test • HPV test • Colposcopy: A procedure using a magnifying device for detailed examination of cervical abnormalities ⸻ What Are the Treatment Methods in Obstetrics and Gynecology? The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology is a broad specialty encompassing a wide range of diseases and treatment approaches. Treatment methods vary depending on the condition. Beyond pregnancy, the department actively provides services in adolescent gynecology, reproductive health, high-risk pregnancies, gynecologic cancers, urogynecology, sexual dysfunctions, menopause, and genital aesthetic procedures. Some conditions are treated medically, while others require surgical intervention. Common Surgical Methods Used in Obstetrics and Gynecology Abdominal (Open) Surgery: Open surgical procedures involving an abdominal incision that allow direct intervention on the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. These surgeries are used for cesarean delivery, abdominal hysterectomy, ovarian and tubal surgeries, gynecologic cancers, ectopic pregnancy, and obstetric emergencies. They are preferred due to wide surgical exposure and suitability for complex conditions. Laparoscopic (Minimally Invasive) Surgery: Procedures performed through small abdominal incisions using trocars, a camera, and specialized instruments to minimally invasively access pelvic and abdominal organs. Laparoscopic surgery is commonly used for ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, tubal surgery, and laparoscopic hysterectomy. This method offers less tissue trauma, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery. Robotic Surgery: An advanced form of laparoscopic surgery in which robotic arms inserted through small incisions are controlled by the surgeon via a console, allowing highly precise intervention. Robotic surgery is used for myomectomy, hysterectomy, endometriosis surgery, and gynecologic oncology procedures, offering advantages such as three-dimensional imaging, elimination of hand tremor, and enhanced maneuverability. vNOTES (Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery): A minimally invasive technique in which pelvic and abdominal organs are accessed via the vaginal route without external abdominal incisions, using an endoscopic camera and specialized instruments. vNOTES is used for hysterectomy, ovarian cyst surgery, and tubal procedures, providing benefits such as no visible scars, reduced postoperative pain, and faster recovery. Hysteroscopy: A procedure that allows direct visualization of the uterine cavity using a thin, lighted camera inserted vaginally. It is used for diagnosing uterine polyps, fibroids, adhesions, and causes of abnormal uterine bleeding, and certain treatments can also be performed during the same procedure. Probe Curettage: A diagnostic procedure in which a small sample is obtained from the uterine lining using a thin curette, typically to investigate abnormal uterine bleeding and for pathological evaluation. Uterine and Bladder Prolapse: Downward displacement of the uterus and/or bladder due to weakening of pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues. Symptoms may include vaginal fullness, a palpable mass, urinary incontinence, or difficulty urinating. Childbirth, aging, and heavy lifting are common causes. Obstetricians and gynecologists play an active role in diagnosis, treatment, and surgical management, planning medical therapy, pelvic floor exercises, or surgical repair depending on severity. Genital Aesthetic Surgery and Procedures: These include surgical and medical applications aimed at improving the appearance and, in some cases, function of the external female genital organs. Procedures such as labiaplasty, vaginal tightening, and clitoral hoodoplasty fall within this scope and are evaluated and performed by obstetricians and gynecologists. Assisted Reproductive Techniques: Advanced medical methods used to achieve pregnancy in couples experiencing infertility. These include ovulation induction, intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryo freezing, and embryo transfer. Hormonal evaluation, ovarian monitoring, uterine preparation, and pregnancy follow-up are essential components of treatment, all conducted under the responsibility of obstetricians and gynecologists using a multidisciplinary approach.

The Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) department is a significant specialty encompassing both medical and surgical practices, specializing in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of all diseases related to the ear, nose, throat, and head and neck. Because it deals with vital functions such as hearing, balance, breathing, speech, swallowing, and smell, the ENT department provides healthcare services that directly impact patient quality of life. ENT specialists serve everyone from newborns to the elderly. Using modern endoscopic imaging systems, advanced audiological tests, and up-to-date surgical techniques, accurate diagnoses are made and a personalized treatment plan is developed for each patient. When necessary, multidisciplinary collaboration with other specialties is pursued to achieve the most effective outcomes. In ear conditions, conditions such as hearing loss, tinnitus, ear infections, eardrum problems, and dizziness are evaluated, and treatment is provided using both medical and surgical methods. In nose and sinus conditions, complaints such as nasal congestion, sinusitis, nasal polyps, and allergic rhinitis are addressed, and modern approaches such as endoscopic sinus surgery are utilized. Additionally, ENT specialists perform endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), which treats tear duct obstructions through the nose without leaving a scar. Throat and voice disorders are evaluated for hoarseness, vocal cord nodules, difficulty swallowing, and laryngeal reflux. For sleep disorders such as snoring and sleep apnea, comprehensive examinations are performed, and surgical or medical treatments are planned. In children, adenoid and tonsil problems, recurring ear infections, and speech and hearing development are closely monitored. ENT specialists play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant tumors in the head and neck region. In this context, salivary gland diseases, neck masses, and tumors of the oral cavity and larynx are evaluated with a multidisciplinary approach. The primary goal of the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department is to preserve patients' hearing, breathing, speech, and swallowing functions in the best possible way, to improve their quality of life, and to treat illnesses quickly and effectively. We provide comprehensive healthcare services to our patients using safe and modern medical practices.

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Orthopedics and Traumatology diagnoses and treats all types of musculoskeletal disorders, including congenital or acquired anomalies and deformities, infections, benign and malignant tumors, and joint degeneration and damage. This field also covers the treatment of traumatic bone fractures, ligament injuries in joints (cruciate ligaments and collateral ligaments in the knee), tendon ruptures, muscle injuries, and meniscus tears. Our hospital has a laboratory and imaging facilities, including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasonography, and digital X-rays, to diagnose all of these conditions. Shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle arthroscopy procedures, the most modern and common methods for treating musculoskeletal disorders, are performed using the most up-to-date and modern equipment and techniques. Our hospital's Orthopedics and Traumatology staff has the training, knowledge and experience to successfully perform trauma, arthroplasty (shoulder-knee-hip prosthesis) procedures, shoulder-elbow and hand surgery procedures.

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As Ankara International Hospital, our Prenatal Education Center has been established to support expectant mothers in experiencing their pregnancy journey in a healthier, more informed, and safer way. In our Prenatal Education Center, training and exercise programs are carried out under the guidance of our specialist physicians, experienced midwives, and highly qualified healthcare professionals. Our goal is to provide mothers-to-be with accurate information about pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period; to support conscious motherhood; and to contribute to the nurturing of healthy future generations. Our Training Programs The educational content offered in our center includes: • The importance of exercise during pregnancy, correct exercise techniques, and their contributions to maternal health • Birth preparation processes, birthing positions, and breathing techniques • Principles of nutrition during pregnancy • The importance of breast milk, correct breastfeeding techniques, and the scientific basis of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months • Newborn care, the postpartum period, and maintaining the mother’s physical and psychological well-being Why Choose Our Prenatal Education Center? • Scientific, up-to-date information free from misinformation • One-on-one counseling with specialist physicians and certified midwives • Regular exercise programs that support the physical strength of expectant mothers • Accurate guidance to reduce fear and anxiety related to childbirth • A comprehensive approach prioritizing the health of both mother and baby For Registration and Information To receive detailed information about our Prenatal Education Center or to complete your registration, please contact us: 📞 Contact: https://aihospital.com.tr/en/contact We invite all expectant mothers to a safe, healthy, and well-informed childbirth journey. Ankara International Hospital – By Your Side at Every Moment of Your Health.